The eight people who are worthy of offerings, hospitality, gifts, and reverential salutation, and are the unsurpassed field of merit for the world.

PTS 4.292

AN 8.59 Paṭhama puggala sutta - Eight People (First)

“Aṭṭhime, bhikkhave, puggalā āhuneyyā pāhuneyyā dakkhiṇeyyā añjalikaraṇīyā anuttaraṁ puññakkhettaṁ lokassa? Katame aṭṭha? Sotāpanno, sotāpattiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanno, sakadāgāmī, sakadāgāmiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanno, anāgāmī, anāgāmiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanno, arahā, arahattāya paṭipanno. Ime kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭha puggalā āhuneyyā pāhuneyyā dakkhiṇeyyā añjalikaraṇīyā anuttaraṁ puññakkhettaṁ lokassāti.

Bhikkhus, these eight persons are worthy of offerings, worthy of hospitality, worthy of gifts, worthy of reverential salutation, and are the unsurpassed field of merit for the world. What eight? The stream-enterer, one practicing for the realization of the fruit of stream-entry, the once-returner, one practicing for the realization of the fruit of once-returning, the non-returner, one practicing for the realization of the fruit of non-returning, the arahant, one practicing for arahantship. These, bhikkhus, are the eight persons who are worthy of offerings, worthy of hospitality, worthy of gifts, worthy of reverential salutation, and are the unsurpassed field of merit for the world.

Verse

Cattāro ca paṭipannā,
cattāro ca phale ṭhitā;
Esa saṅgho ujubhūto,
paññāsīlasamāhito.

Four are practicing,
and four are established in their fruits;
This Saṅgha is upright,
endowed with wisdom and virtue.

Yajamānānaṁ manussānaṁ,
Puññapekkhāna pāṇinaṁ;
Karotaṁ opadhikaṁ puññaṁ,
Saṅghe dinnaṁ mahapphalan”ti.

For the humans offering sacrifices,
those beings seeking merit;
Performing attachment-related merit,
what is given to the Saṅgha yields great fruit.

Topics & Qualities:

Faith

Faith

Confidence in the Buddha's awakening and the efficacy of the path. It brightens and steadies the mind, removing doubt and inspiring energy toward wholesome practice. True faith rests on clarity and direct experience rather than mere belief.

Also known as: confidence, trust, belief, conviction, self-assurance
Pāli: saddha, pasanna
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Liberation

Liberation

Liberation can imply a temporary release of the mind, i.e. liberated from certain unwholesome mental qualities or complete liberation from all unwholesome qualities of the mind, i.e. Nibbāna.

Also known as: freedom, release, emancipation, deliverance
Pāli: vimutti, vimokkha, cetovimutti, paññāvimutti, akuppā cetovimutti
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Trainee

Trainee

A noble disciple who is still in training (sekha; one who trains) toward full awakening—on the path or at a fruition short of arahantship. A trainee is defined as one who trains in higher virtue, higher mind, and higher wisdom.

Also known as: learner, one in training
Pāli: sekha
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Wisdom

Wisdom

Lived understanding and sound judgment that steers the mind away from suffering, distinct from mere accumulation of facts.

Also known as: (of a person) wise, astute, intelligent, learned, skilled, firm, stable, steadfast, an experiential understanding of the four noble truths
Pāli: paññā, medhā, dhīra, paṇḍita, asammūḷha
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Last updated on October 29, 2026

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