The Buddha explains how ungratefulness, along with misconduct in body, speech, and mind, leads one to be cast into hell, while gratefulness and ethical conduct lead one to be cast into heaven.

AN 4.213  Akataññutā sutta - Ungratefulness

“Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṁ nikkhitto evaṁ niraye. Katamehi catūhi? Kāyaduccaritena, vacīduccaritena, manoduccaritena, akataññutā akataveditā imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṁ nikkhitto evaṁ niraye.

“Bhikkhus, possessing four qualities, one is cast into |hell::a place of intense suffering, lit. no good fortune [niraya]| just as if carried and placed there. What four? |Bodily misconduct::killing living beings, harming others, theft, or sexual misconduct [kāyaduccarita]|, |verbal misconduct::false speech, harsh speech, divisive speech, idle chatter [vacīduccarita]|, |mental misconduct::yearning with strong eagerness and desire, having ill will or hatred, delighting in harm [manoduccarita]|, and |being ungrateful::lit. not knowing what is done state [akataññutā]| and unappreciative. Possessing these four qualities, bhikkhus, one is cast into hell just as if carried and placed there.

Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṁ nikkhitto evaṁ sagge. Katamehi catūhi? Kāyasucaritena, vacīsucaritena, manosucaritena, kataññutā kataveditā imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṁ nikkhitto evaṁ sagge”ti.

Bhikkhus, endowed with four qualities, one is cast into |heaven::a place of happiness, lit. good fortune [sagga]| just as if carried and placed there. What four? |Good bodily conduct::good physical conduct, virtuous bodily behavior [kāyasucarita]|, |good verabl conduct::applying the five factors of well spoken speech - 1) speaking at the proper time, 2) being truthful, 3) being gentle, 4) speaking beneficially, and 5) speaking with a mind of loving-kindness [vacīsucarita]|, |good mental conduct::being with thoughts of renunciation, non-ill will, and non-harm [manosucarita]|, and |being grateful::thankfulness; lit. knowing what is done state [kataññutā]| and appreciative. Endowed with these four qualities, bhikkhus, one is cast into heaven just as if carried and placed there.”

Qualities:

Ethical conduct

Ethical conduct

A disciplined way of living grounded in harmlessness and integrity. Ethical conduct restrains the body and speech from harm, purifies behavior, and forms the foundation for collectedness and wisdom.

Also known as: moral integrity, right action, virtue
Pāli: sīla, sammākammanta
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Gratefulness

Gratefulness

A warm acknowledgment of the kindness and support one has received from others. It opens the heart, fostering humility and connection, while countering feelings of entitlement or disdain.

Also known as: thankfulness, appreciation, recognition of kindness received
Pāli: kataññutā
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Entitlement

Entitlement

A mindset of deservingness that expects special treatment or privileges without appreciation. It fosters resentment and dissatisfaction when expectations are unmet.

Also known as: ungratefulness, thanklessness
Pāli: akataññutā
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Unprincipled conduct

Unprincipled conduct

Conduct that disregards moral restraint and ignores the consequences of harm done to oneself or others through body or speech. Such behavior clouds the mind and leads to regret and further decline.

Also known as: lacking in moral principles, lacking in ethics, immoral, wrong action
Pāli: dussīlya, micchākammanta
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Last updated on December 17, 2025