The Buddha describes the vast accumulation of bones that would result from wandering and transmigrating for an aeon.

ITI 24  Aṭṭhipuñja sutta - Heap Of Bones

Vuttañhetaṁ bhagavatā vuttamarahatāti me sutaṁ:

This was said by the Blessed One, said by the Arahant, so I have heard:

“Ekapuggalassa, bhikkhave, kappaṁ sandhāvato saṁsarato siyā evaṁ mahā aṭṭhikaṅkalo aṭṭhipuñjo aṭṭhirāsi yathāyaṁ vepullo pabbato, sace saṁhārako assa, sambhatañca na vinasseyyā”ti.

“One person, bhikkhus, who has wandered and |transmigrated::wandered on, moved on continuously [saṃsaranta]| for an |aeon::lifespan of a world system, a vast cosmic time span [kappa]| would have accumulated a heap of bones the size of this |Mount Vepulla::Known today as Vipula hill, it is one of the prominent peaks surrounding the historical city of Rājagaha, present-day Rajgir in Bihar, India [vepulla + pabbata]|, if they were gathered together and did not decay.”

Etamatthaṁ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṁ iti vuccati:

The Blessed One spoke on this matter. In this regard, it is said:

“Ekassekena kappena,
puggalassaṭṭhisañcayo;
Siyā pabbatasamo rāsi,
iti vuttaṁ mahesinā.

“In just one aeon,
the accumulation of a single person’s bones;
Would form a heap as large as a mountain,
thus has been said by the great seer.

So kho panāyaṁ akkhāto,
vepullo pabbato mahā;
Uttaro gijjhakūṭassa,
magadhānaṁ giribbaje.

He described it as being,
as great as Mount Vepulla;
To the north of Vulture’s Peak,
in the |mountain stronghold::a reference to present-day Rajgir, former capital of Magadha [giribbaja]| of Magadha.

Yato ca ariyasaccāni,
sammappaññāya passati;
Dukkhaṁ dukkhasamuppādaṁ,
dukkhassa ca atikkamaṁ;
Ariyañcaṭṭhaṅgikaṁ maggaṁ,
dukkhūpasamagāminaṁ.

When one sees the [four] noble truths,
|with perfect wisdom::with correct understanding [sammappaññāya]|;
Suffering, the arising of suffering,
and the overcoming of suffering;
And the noble eightfold path,
that leads to the overcoming of suffering.

Sa sattakkhattuṁ paramaṁ,
sandhāvitvāna puggalo;
Dukkhassantakaro hoti,
sabbasaṁyojanakkhayā”ti.

After wandering on for seven times at most,
that person;
Makes an end of suffering,
through the |wearing away of all the fetters::exhaustion of all the bonds [sabbasaṃyojanakkhaya]|.”

Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti.

This matter too was spoken by the Blessed One, as I have heard.

Qualities:

Ending

Ending

The complete exhaustion and cessation of craving, aversion, and delusion—the three roots of suffering. It refers to both the gradual wearing away of defilements through practice and the final cessation that constitutes Nibbāna.

Also known as: cessation, exhaustion, gradual ending, wearing away
Pāli: khaya, khīṇa, nirodha
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Wisdom

Wisdom

Lived understanding and sound judgment that steers the mind away from suffering, distinct from mere accumulation of facts.

Also known as: (of a person) wise, astute, intelligent, learned, skilled, firm, stable, steadfast, an experiential understanding of the four noble truths
Pāli: paññā, vijjā, medhā, dhīra, paṇḍita
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Suffering

Suffering

Unpleasantness, discontentment, dissatisfaction, stress, pain, disease, i.e. mild or intense suffering that is inherent in conditioned existence.

Also known as: discomfort, unpleasantness, discontentedness, dissatisfaction, stress, pain, disease, distress, affliction
Pāli: dukkha
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Last updated on December 13, 2025