Endowed with the mental qualities of harmful conduct and views, one is reborn in hell.

ITI 32  Paṭhama sīla sutta - Ethical Conduct (First)

Vuttañhetaṁ bhagavatā vuttamarahatāti me sutaṁ:

This was said by the Blessed One, said by the Arahant, as I have heard:

“Dvīhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato puggalo yathābhataṁ nikkhitto evaṁ niraye. Katamehi dvīhi? Pāpakena ca sīlena, pāpikāya ca diṭṭhiyā. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, dvīhi dhammehi samannāgato puggalo yathābhataṁ nikkhitto evaṁ niraye”ti.

“Bhikkhus, a person endowed with two |mental qualities::characteristics, traits, and tendencies of the mind, shaped by repeated actions and sustained attention, guided by particular ways of understanding; they may be wholesome or unwholesome, bright or dark [dhammā]| is cast into |hell::a place of intense suffering, lit. no good fortune [niraya]|, just as if they were carried and |placed::dropped, set aside [nikkhitta]| there. Which two? |Harmful::injurious, destructive, bad, or evil [pāpaka]| conduct and harmful |views::concepts, theories, attitudes, philosophies [diṭṭhiyā]|. Indeed, bhikkhus, a person endowed with these two mental qualities is cast into hell, just as if they were carried and placed there.”

Etamatthaṁ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṁ iti vuccati:

The Blessed One spoke on this matter. In this regard, it is said:

“Pāpakena ca sīlena,
pāpikāya ca diṭṭhiyā;
Etehi dvīhi dhammehi,
yo samannāgato naro;
Kāyassa bhedā duppañño,
nirayaṁ sopapajjatī”ti.

“Harmful conduct,
and harmful views;
Whoever is endowed,
with these two mental qualities;
After the breaking up of the body, that |undiscerning person::immature person, one lacking in discernment, one who has not cultivated wisdom [duppañña]|,
is reborn in hell.”

Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti.

This matter too was spoken by the Blessed One, as I have heard.

Qualities:

Lack of discernment

Lack of discernment

Failure to understand cause and effect or to recognize wholesome from unwholesome. It clouds judgment and makes the mind easily led by craving and aversion.

Also known as: lack of clear comprehension, lack of wisdom, child-like in understanding
Pāli: asampajañña, bāla, duppañña
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Unprincipled conduct

Unprincipled conduct

Conduct that disregards moral restraint and ignores the consequences of harm done to oneself or others through body or speech. Such behavior clouds the mind and leads to regret and further decline.

Also known as: lacking in moral principles, lacking in ethics, immoral, wrong action
Pāli: dussīlya, micchākammanta
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Wrong view

Wrong view

A distorted understanding that sees permanence in the impermanent, satisfaction in the unsatisfactory, or self in the not-self. Wrong view guides action by delusion, obscuring cause and effect, and closes the door to wisdom and release.

Also known as: distorted or inverted perception, untrue view, false belief
Pāli: micchādiṭṭhi
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Last updated on December 13, 2025