The Buddha explains the nature of a corrupted mind and the consequences of holding onto views in these verses.

SNP 4.3  Duṭṭhaṭṭhaka sutta - Corrupt

Vadanti ve duṭṭhamanāpi eke,
Athopi ve saccamanā vadanti;
Vādañca jātaṁ muni no upeti,
Tasmā munī natthi khilo kuhiñci.

Some indeed speak with a |corrupt::spoiled, seduced, festering, angry, evil [duṭṭha]| mind,
while others indeed speak with |an honest mind::a good heart [saccamana]|;
The sage does not get involved in an arisen |debate::argument, dispute [vāda]|,
therefore, he has no |hard-heartedness towards::hardness towards, coldness towards, barrenness towards [khila]| anyone.

Sakañhi diṭṭhiṁ kathamaccayeyya,
Chandānunīto ruciyā niviṭṭho;
Sayaṁ samattāni pakubbamāno,
Yathā hi jāneyya tathā vadeyya.

How could one |transcend::go beyond, surpass [accayeyya]| one’s own view,
when |driven by desire::pulled along by impulse [chandānunīta]|, one is entrenched in |preferences::likings, choices [ruciyā]|?
Taking one’s own view to be perfect,
one would speak just as one understands.

Yo attano sīlavatāni jantu,
Anānupuṭṭhova paresa pāva;
Anariyadhammaṁ kusalā tamāhu,
Yo ātumānaṁ sayameva pāva.

Whoever praises their own virtues,
without being asked by others;
They |have an ignoble nature::are poor in character [anariyadhamma]|, the wise say,
whoever praises themselves of their own accord.

Santo ca bhikkhu abhinibbutatto,
Itihanti sīlesu akatthamāno;
Tamariyadhammaṁ kusalā vadanti,
Yassussadā natthi kuhiñci loke.

A bhikkhu, peaceful and with completely cooled mind,
does not boast about his virtues;
They have a noble nature, the wise say,
he who has no |pride::arrogance, conceit, self-importance [ussada]| anywhere in the world.

Pakappitā saṅkhatā yassa dhammā,
Purakkhatā santi avīvadātā;
Yadattani passati ānisaṁsaṁ,
Taṁ nissito kuppapaṭiccasantiṁ.

One who has |formulated::(of an idea or opinion) imagined, fabricated, fashioned, designed, devised, concocted [pakappita]| their own doctrines,
put them together and advanced them despite their flaws;
Anticipating the benefit they see for themselves,
they cling to that peace which is unstable.

Diṭṭhīnivesā na hi svātivattā,
Dhammesu niccheyya samuggahītaṁ;
Tasmā naro tesu nivesanesu,
Nirassatī ādiyatī ca dhammaṁ.

|Attachment to views::dogmatic opinions [diṭṭhīnivesa]| are not easy to overcome,
having evaluated among teachings, one tightly grasps;
Thus, a person, caught up in these attachments,
rejects one set of teachings and embraces another.

Dhonassa hi natthi kuhiñci loke,
Pakappitā diṭṭhi bhavābhavesu;
Māyañca mānañca pahāya dhono,
Sa kena gaccheyya anūpayo so.

The purified one indeed has no formulated opinions,
about |various states of existence::continued existence; such success and failure, gain and loss, eternity and annihilation, good and evil [bhavābhava]| in the world;
having abandoned |hypocrisy::trick, illusion, deceitfulness [māya]| and |conceit::self-view expressed as comparison—seeing oneself as superior, inferior, or equal; the persistent “I am” conceit (asmimāna) that underlies identification and fuels rebirth [māna]|, through what
would that one go [astray]? They remain |uninvolved::free from attachment, disinterested, unengaged, lit. not going near [anūpaya]|.

Upayo hi dhammesu upeti vādaṁ,
Anūpayaṁ kena kathaṁ vadeyya;
Attā nirattā na hi tassa atthi,
Adhosi so diṭṭhimidheva sabbanti.

Attachment to doctrines leads to |debate::argument, dispute [vāda]|,
but how, on what, could one debate with one uninvolved?
Nothing is |taken up::grasped, seized, seen as personal, seen as self [atta]| or |cast aside::reject, throw away [niratta]| by him,
they have |shaken off::tossed off [adhosi]| all views right here.

Topics & Qualities:

Desire

Desire

A wholesome motivation, interest, or objective that acts as the starting point for effort and application of will.

Also known as: aspiration, interest, wish, having an objective, intention, impulse
Pāli: chanda
View all discourses →
Free from attachment

Free from attachment

Release from grasping, not taking anything as “me” or “mine,” ceasing to appropriate or identify with people, things, views, or experiences.

Also known as: free from grasping, not appropriating, not taking as mine, without acquisitions, not clinging, not grasping, not holding onto
Pāli: nirūpadhi, nānupādāya, asita, anuggaha
View all discourses →
Giving up

Giving up

The mental quality of renunciation and release from attachment. It delights in simplicity and freedom rather than in sensual pleasure. Giving up is not loss but the joyful abandoning of burden, opening the way to peace and insight.

Also known as: renunciation, relinquishment, letting go, abandonment
Pāli: nekkhamma
View all discourses →
Humility

Humility

An honest, even-toned self-appraisal that stays open to feedback, honors others, and neither inflates nor denies one’s real abilities; it supports learning, concord, and restraint.

Also known as: accepting of correction, modesty, unpretentiousness, humbleness, freedom from self-importance, recognition of limits, staying teachable
Pāli: anatimāna
View all discourses →
Aversion

Aversion

A rejecting mental quality rooted in perception, where one instinctively turns away from or resists unpleasant experiences or objects; it manifests as a tendency to push away discomfort, obstructing patience and acceptance.

Also known as: animosity, hate, hostility, fault-finding mindset, upset
Pāli: dosa, paṭighasaññā, vera
View all discourses →
Boastfulness

Boastfulness

Also known as: braggart, exalting oneself, overbearing, self-promotion, self-praising
Pāli: attukkaṁsaka
View all discourses →
Clinging to rules and observances

Clinging to rules and observances

Also known as: attachment to rites and rituals, attachment to precepts, attachment to practices, attachment to customs, attachment to conventions, attachment to traditions, attachment to ceremonies, attachment to rules, attachment to regulations, attachment to laws
Pāli: sīlabbataparāmāsa
View all discourses →
Conceit

Conceit

Self-view expressed as comparison—seeing oneself as superior, inferior, or equal; the persistent “I am” conceit (asmimāna) that underlies identification and fuels rebirth

Also known as: arrogance, egotism, pride, self-importance, tendency of self-comparison
Pāli: māna, atimāna, unnaḷa
View all discourses →
Hypocrisy

Hypocrisy

A counterfeit display of virtue or attainment—concealing faults and projecting qualities one lacks—often to secure material support, status, or admiration; it thrives on craving for recognition and collapses with honesty, modesty, and accountability.

Also known as: pretense, insincerity, deceitfulness, putting on a false front, fraudulent
Pāli: māyāvī
View all discourses →

Last updated on December 3, 2025