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Dhammapada verses 129-145 explore the themes of non-violence, the consequences of harmful actions, and the importance of self-discipline. Through metaphors of a broken gong, a well-trained horse, and skilled artisans, the verses emphasize that true purification comes not from external austerities but from inner restraint, mindfulness, and ethical conduct. The inevitability of death and the suffering caused by harming others are highlighted alongside the rewards of peace and wisdom for those who cultivate virtuous behavior.
Daṇḍa vagga - Chapter 10 - Punishment
129
All fear punishment, all fear death; Considering others like oneself, one should neither kill nor cause to kill.
130
All fear punishment, life is dear to all; Considering others like oneself, one should neither kill nor cause to kill.
131
Beings wishing for happiness, who harm others with punishment; While seeking happiness for themselves, after death, they do not find happiness.
132
Beings wishing for happiness, who do not harm others with punishment; While seeking happiness for themselves, after death, they find happiness.
133
Do not speak harshly to anyone, for if spoken to, they might respond to you; Indeed, angry words bring suffering, and retaliation may affect you.
134
If you remain non-agitated, like a broken gong; You will have attained Nibbāna, and no trace of stubbornness will remain in you.
135
Just as the cowherd, drives the cows to the pasture with a stick; So too do old age and death, drive the life-span of living beings.
136
While doing harmful deeds, the immature person does not understand; Through their own deeds, the undiscerning one, is tormented, as if burned by fire.
137
Whoever, with punishment harms those that are peaceful, or harms those who are blameless; Will very quickly experience, one of these ten situations.
138
They may experience sharp pain, or the fracturing of the body; Or else grave illness, or they may fall into mental confusion.
139
Or they may face trouble from the authorities, or a harsh accusation; Or the loss of their relatives, or the perishing of their possessions.
140
Or else, their houses, may be burned down by fire; Or on the disintegration of the body [through death], the one who has not cultivated wisdom goes to a state of misfortune.
141
Neither going naked, nor matted hair, nor covering oneself with mud, nor fasting, nor sleeping on bare ground; nor dust and dirt, nor squatting ascetic practices, purify a mortal who has not overcome doubt.
142
Even if adorned, if one walks with tranquility, At peace, tamed, restrained, and practicing the spiritual life; Having laid down violence towards all beings, that person is a brahmin, an ascetic, a bhikkhu.
143
A person restrained by a sense of right and wrong, if such a one is found in the world; Who shies away from sleeping too much, is like a noble horse that is restrained by the whip.
144
Just as a noble horse is restrained by the whip, be with continuous effort and feeling a sense of urgency; By faith, by virtue and with energy, with collectedness and discernment of mental qualities; Fully endowed with wisdom and ethical conduct and self-aware, you will abandon this considerable suffering.
145
Irrigators guide water, fletchers shape the shaft [of an arrow]; Carpenters shape wood, one of good conduct tames themselves.