When asked about the state of peace and the way of practice to reach it, the Buddha describes this state as being steady and unruffled, like the middle of the ocean where no wave arises. He then shares the way of practice to achieve it without delay: guarding the senses, letting go of indulgence, to be a meditator who cultivates wakefulness, and through investigation, abandoning a host of unwholesome qualities.

SNP 4.14  Tuvaṭaka sutta - Immediate Way of Practice

“Pucchāmi taṁ ādiccabandhu,
Vivekaṁ santipadañca mahesi;
Kathaṁ disvā nibbāti bhikkhu,
Anupādiyāno lokasmiṁ kiñci”.

“Kinsman of the sun, great sage, I ask you,
about |seclusion::solitude, detachment [viveka]| and the |state of peace::tranquility, epithet of Nibbāna [santipada]|;
How having seen does a bhikkhu attain |Nibbāna::complete cooling, letting go of everything, deathless, freedom from calamity, the non-disintegrating [nibbāna]|,
not clinging to anything in the world?”

“Mūlaṁ papañcasaṅkhāya,
(iti bhagavā)
Mantā asmīti sabbamuparundhe;
kāci taṇhā ajjhattaṁ,
Tāsaṁ vinayā sadā sato sikkhe.

“Reflecting on the source of conceptual proliferation,
[the Blessed One said]
the wise should cut off the notion ‘I am;’
Whatever cravings there may be internally,
he should train ever mindfully for their removal.

Yaṁ kiñci dhammamabhijaññā,
Ajjhattaṁ atha vāpi bahiddhā;
Na tena thāmaṁ kubbetha,
Na hi nibbuti sataṁ vuttā.

Whatever things one might know,
whether internally or externally;
One should not be |rigid::obstinate [thāmas]| on account of that,
for that is not called |quenching::cooling of mental defilements; lit. blown away state [nibbuti]| by the wise.

Seyyo na tena maññeyya,
Nīceyyo atha vāpi sarikkho;
Phuṭṭho anekarūpehi,
Nātumānaṁ vikappayaṁ tiṭṭhe.

Because of this one should not think oneself better,
nor should one consider oneself inferior or equal;
When touched by various kinds of experiences,
one should not regard them personally, nor construct [concepts and opinions].

Ajjhattamevupasame,
Na aññato bhikkhu santimeseyya;
Ajjhattaṁ upasantassa,
Natthi attā kuto nirattā vā.

It is internally that he should achieve peace,
a bhikkhu should not seek peace through another;
For one who is at peace within himself,
there is nothing |taken up::grasped, seized, seen as personal, seen as self [atta]|, much less |cast aside::reject, throw away [niratta]|.

Majjhe yathā samuddassa,
Ūmi no jāyatī ṭhito hoti;
Evaṁ ṭhito anejassa,
Ussadaṁ bhikkhu na kareyya kuhiñci”.

Just as in the middle of the ocean,
no wave arises and the ocean remains steady;
So too, he should be steady, |unruffled::unperturbed, unmoved [aneja]|,
not making any swelling [of conceit] anywhere.”

“Akittayī vivaṭacakkhu,
Sakkhidhammaṁ parissayavinayaṁ;
Paṭipadaṁ vadehi bhaddante,
Pātimokkhaṁ atha vāpi samādhiṁ”.

“The clear-sighted one has made known,
the self-realized Dhamma for the removal of difficulties;
Venerable sir, please speak of the way of practice,
whether of the |moral code of conduct::monastic code of discipline which promotes harmonious and pure conduct with others [pātimokkha]| or of |collectedness::stability of mind, stillness of mind, mental composure [samādhi]|.”

“Cakkhūhi neva lolassa,
Gāmakathāya āvaraye sotaṁ;
Rase ca nānugijjheyya,
Na ca mamāyetha kiñci lokasmiṁ.

“One should not have |longing::eagerness, greed, agitation [lola]| in the eyes,
and should block |street talk::village gossip [gāmakathā]| with the ears;
One should not crave for |flavors::tastes or flavors such as sweetness, bitterness, sourness, saltiness, spiciness, richness, or subtle notes like umami or astringency—any object of gustatory experience that can become desirable, comforting, or indulgent [rase]|,
and one should not |cherish::make, possess, treasure [mamāyati]| anything in the world as ‘mine.’

Phassena yadā phuṭṭhassa,
Paridevaṁ bhikkhu na kareyya kuhiñci;
Bhavañca nābhijappeyya,
Bheravesu ca na sampavedheyya.

When touched by |an experience::contact, sense impingement [phassa]|,
a bhikkhu should not |lament::mourn, wail [paridevi]| anywhere;
He should not yearn for |existence::continued conditional existence, the karmically conditioned mode of being that leads to future rebirth [bhava]|,
nor should he |tremble::quake, shake [sampavedhati]| amid |fearful::frightful, terrifying [bherava]| conditions.

Annānamatho pānānaṁ,
Khādanīyānaṁ athopi vatthānaṁ;
Laddhā na sannidhiṁ kayirā,
Na ca parittase tāni alabhamāno.

As for food and drink,
edibles and clothes to wear;
Having obtained them, one should not hoard them,
nor be |upset::anxious, worried [parittasati]| if one does not obtain them.

Jhāyī na pādalolassa,
Virame kukkuccā nappamajjeyya;
Athāsanesu sayanesu,
Appasaddesu bhikkhu vihareyya.

He should be a |meditator::yogi [jhāyi]|, not one |with wanderlust::footloose, lit. with restless feet [pādalola]|,
he should abstain from |remorse::anxiety, restlessness, uneasiness, worry [kukkucca]| and avoid negligence;
In tranquil seats and resting places,
a bhikkhu should dwell.

Niddaṁ na bahulīkareyya,
Jāgariyaṁ bhajeyya ātāpī;
Tandiṁ māyaṁ hassaṁ khiḍḍaṁ,
Methunaṁ vippajahe savibhūsaṁ.

He should not overindulge in sleep,
and should cultivate |wakefulness::lucidity, being awake, being alert [jāgariya]| |with continuous effort::ardent, zealous, with energy, with application [ātāpī]|;
|Laziness::sloth, tiredness [tandi]|, |hypocrisy::trickery, deceitfulness, dishonesty [māya]|, laughter, and |amusement::entertainment, fun, play [khiḍḍa]|,
|sexual activity::sexual intercourse [methuna]|, and |self-adornment::personal ornamentation [savibhūsā]|—he should abandon these.

Āthabbaṇaṁ supinaṁ lakkhaṇaṁ,
No vidahe athopi nakkhattaṁ;
Virutañca gabbhakaraṇaṁ,
Tikicchaṁ māmako na seveyya.

He should not practice |sorcery::witchcraft, magic [āthabbaṇa]|, nor interpret dreams,
auspicious signs, nor practice |astrology::constellation, zodiac [nakkhatta]|;
Nor interpret animal howls, nor |promote conception::causing impregnation; lit. embryo making [gabbhakaraṇa]|,
or |healing::curing [tikicchanta]|—my disciple should not practice these.

Nindāya nappavedheyya,
Na uṇṇameyya pasaṁsito bhikkhu;
Lobhaṁ saha macchariyena,
Kodhaṁ pesuṇiyañca panudeyya.

A bhikkhu should not be stirred by |blame::criticism, disapproval [nindā]|,
nor should he |become arrogant::conceited [uṇṇameti]| when |praised::approved of, commended [pasaṃsi]|;
|Greed::a grasping mental quality of craving, possessiveness, or lustful wanting that clings to objects or experiences; it fuels attachment and obstructs renunciation and contentment [lobha]| along with |stinginess::selfishness, meanness, tight-fistedness [macchara]|,
|anger::rage, wrath, fury, indignation [kodha]| and |divisive talk::back-biting, denigration, slander [pesuṇeyya]|—he should dispel these.

Kayavikkaye na tiṭṭheyya,
Upavādaṁ bhikkhu na kareyya kuhiñci;
Gāme ca nābhisajjeyya,
Lābhakamyā janaṁ na lapayeyya.

A bhikkhu should not engage in |buying and selling::trading, bartering [kayavikkaya]|,
and they should not |speak ill::blame, criticize, insult [upavāda]| at all;
He should not be overly fond of |the village::the local community, the town [gāma]|,
nor should he address people out of desire for gain.

Na ca katthitā siyā bhikkhu,
Na ca vācaṁ payuttaṁ bhāseyya;
Pāgabbhiyaṁ na sikkheyya,
Kathaṁ viggāhikaṁ na kathayeyya.

A bhikkhu should not be |boastful::braggart [katthitar]|,
nor should he speak |with an ulterior motive::in an insinuating way, hinting, intimating [payutta]|;
He should not train in |brashness::cockiness, forwardness, impudence, shameless assertiveness [pāgabbhiya]|,
nor should he engage in contentious talk.

Mosavajje na nīyetha,
Sampajāno saṭhāni na kayirā;
Atha jīvitena paññāya,
Sīlabbatena nāññamatimaññe.

He should not be led into |false speech::lie, untruth [mosavajja]|,
nor should he |intentionally::deliberately, purposefully, fully knowing [sampajāna]| do anything deceptive;
Whether by livelihood or by wisdom,
or by ethics and observances—he should not look down on another.

Sutvā rusito bahuṁ vācaṁ,
Samaṇānaṁ puthujanānaṁ;
Pharusena ne na paṭivajjā,
Na hi santo paṭisenikaronti.

When provoked, having heard many words,
whether from ascetics or from common folk;
He should not respond |harshly::roughly, sharply, unkindly [pharusa]|,
for those at peace do not retaliate.

Etañca dhammamaññāya,
Vicinaṁ bhikkhu sadā sato sikkhe;
Santīti nibbutiṁ ñatvā,
Sāsane gotamassa na pamajjeyya.

Having comprehended the |Dhamma::teachings of the Buddha that point to the nature of reality, the ultimate truth [dhamma]|,
|investigating::examining [vicinanta]|, a bhikkhu should train ever mindfully;
Having known quenching as peace,
he should be |diligent::doing one’s work or duty well, with alertness, carefulness and care [appamatta]| in Gotama’s dispensation.

Abhibhū hi so anabhibhūto,
Sakkhidhammamanītihamadassī;
Tasmā hi tassa bhagavato sāsane,
Appamatto sadā namassamanusikkhe”ti.

He is |unvanquished::unconquered [anabhibhūta]| for he is the |supreme being::conquerer, vanquisher [abhibhū]|,
who is self-realized in Dhamma, not hearsay;
Therefore, in the Blessed One’s dispensation,
one should train ever diligently with reverence.”

Topics & Qualities:

Diligence

Diligence

The protective quality of guarding the mind amidst sensory experience. By restraining the faculties, the mind remains unsoiled by attraction.

Also known as: alertness, carefulness, heedfulness, conscientiousness, vigilance
Pāli: appamāda, uṭṭhāna
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Investigation

Investigation

Investigation involves the process of a careful inquiry of mental states, qualities, and phenomena, examining their arising, persisting, and ceasing in order to understand their true nature and support the cultivation of wisdom and awakening.

Also known as: inquiry, contemplation, examination, analysis, exploration
Pāli: vicaya, vīmaṃsā, parikkhati
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Jhana

Jhana

A mental quality of composure where awareness is gathered, steady, rather than scattered or tense. In such collectedness, supported by mindfulness and right view, experience is clearly known and can be wisely contemplated, unlike narrow or disconnected concentration that shuts out the senses and feeds delusion.

Also known as: absorption, concentration, collectedness, mental composure, stability of mind, undistracted awareness
Pāli: jhāna, samādhi, samāhita, susamāhita, sammāsamādhi
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Laziness

Laziness

Unwillingness or lack of energy and motivation to engage in wholesome activities or exert effort, leading to stagnation and missed opportunities for growth.

Also known as: sloth, indolence, sluggishness, idleness, inactivity
Pāli: kosajja, tandī, ālasya, kusīta
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Mental Proliferation

Mental Proliferation

Mental proliferation is the tendency to overelaborate mental constructs—such as opinions, judgments, narratives—endless conceptualization. It entangles the mind in a cascade of thoughts, concepts, and perceptions, giving rise to unwholesome states and suffering.

Also known as: conceptual proliferation, elaboration, papañca
Pāli: papañca
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Continuous effort

Continuous effort

The flame of effort. It is the application of diligence put into moment-to-moment continuity

Also known as: unremitting effort, ardent, persistent, zealous, unflagging endeavor
Pāli: ātāpī, parakkamma
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Cultivation

Cultivation

The active practice of 'bringing into being' wholesome states. It is the deliberate nurturing of the bright state of mind.

Also known as: development, improvement, meditation, nurturing, growth
Pāli: bhāvanā
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Imperturbable

Imperturbable

A stable clarity of mind that does not react strongly to changing circumstances, remaining even and composed in both pleasant and difficult conditions.

Also known as: unagitated, unmoved, unruffled, unshaken, untroubled, unwavering, without mental unease
Pāli: aparitassa, anigha, aneja, avihaññamāna
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Non-regret

Non-regret

A mental quality of not regretting past actions, characterized by a clear conscience and absence of remorse; it arises from accomplishment in ethical conduct

Also known as: non-remorse, lit. not remembering back negatively
Pāli: avippaṭisāra
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Quenching

Quenching

An experiential state of being “cooled,” where the burning fever of craving has subsided and the mind dwells in a peace free from the anxiety of needing to become something else.

Also known as: being cooled, desirelessness, free from hope, fulfilled, fully satiated, having attained emancipation
Pāli: nibbuta, nirāsa
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Sense restraint

Sense restraint

A practice of guarding the sense doors by not grasping at the general features or details of sense objects when seeing, hearing, sensing, and cognizing.

Also known as: guarding the sense faculties, watching the sense doors, not grasping at the prominent features or details of sense objects, moderation in eating
Pāli: indriya saṁvara
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Solitude

Solitude

Physical seclusion from crowds and mental seclusion from unwholesome states. It provides the quietude necessary for the mind to settle, detach from worldly entanglements, and develop deep collectedness.

Also known as: seclusion, privacy, aloofness, non-association
Pāli: viveka, asaṃsaṭṭha
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Tranquility

Tranquility

A mental quality of calm and stillness that arises when the body and mind are unburdened by agitation.

Also known as: calmness, peacefulness, serenity
Pāli: passaddhi, santi, upasama, upasanta
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Wakefulness

Wakefulness

A bright alertness of mind that remains clear and attentive, unclouded by dullness or drowsiness. It guards the senses and supports continuous mindfulness.

Also known as: lucidity, alertness, vigilance, watchfulness
Pāli: jāgariyā
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Anger

Anger

A burning surge of aversion that erupts against people or situations, scorching clarity and kindness. It distorts perception and drives speech and action toward harm.

Also known as: rage, wrath, fury, indignation
Pāli: kodha, kopa
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Boastfulness

Boastfulness

A puffed-up self-display that advertises one's virtues, attainments, or status to win admiration. It springs from conceit and the craving for recognition, crowding out humility and genuine connection.

Also known as: braggart, exalting oneself, overbearing, self-promotion, self-praising
Pāli: attukkaṁsaka
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Brashness

Brashness

Overstepping of bounds in speech and conduct, marked by pushiness, arrogance, and disregard for restraint; contrasted with humility and modesty.

Also known as: cockiness, forwardness, impudence, shameless assertiveness
Pāli: pāgabbhiya
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Conceit

Conceit

Self-view expressed as comparison—seeing oneself as superior, inferior, or equal; the persistent “I am” conceit (asmimāna) that underlies identification and fuels rebirth

Also known as: arrogance, egotism, pride, self-importance, tendency of self-comparison
Pāli: māna, atimāna, unnaḷa
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Craving

Craving

A driving ‘thirst’ that reaches out toward experiences, identities, or outcomes as the place to find satisfaction—“if only I had that.” It spins stories of lack, binds the mind to becoming, and invariably leads to suffering.

Also known as: wanting, yearning, longing, lit. thirst
Pāli: taṇha, abhijjhā
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Fear

Fear

A constricting mental state that arises when the mind perceives threat or danger. It agitates and destabilizes, driving the mind toward avoidance, paralysis, or desperate action.

Also known as: feeling afraid, timid, dread, fright, horror, panic, terror
Pāli: bhaya, dara
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Greed

Greed

A grasping mental quality of craving, possessiveness, or lustful wanting that clings to objects or experiences; it fuels attachment and obstructs renunciation and contentment

Also known as: acquisitiveness, avarice, covetousness, rapacity, money grabbing, grabbiness
Pāli: lobha, gedha
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Hypocrisy

Hypocrisy

A counterfeit display of virtue or attainment—concealing faults and projecting qualities one lacks—often to secure material support, status, or admiration; it thrives on craving for recognition and collapses with honesty, modesty, and accountability.

Also known as: pretense, insincerity, deceitfulness, putting on a false front, fraudulent
Pāli: māyāvī
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Stinginess

Stinginess

A contracted, possessive refusal to share what one has—whether material goods, knowledge, or status. It clings tightly to what is “mine,” fearing loss and closing the hand against generosity.

Also known as: miserliness, meanness, tight-fistedness
Pāli: macchariya
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Treachery

Treachery

Deliberate deception that exploits another's trust for personal gain. It wears a mask of friendliness while secretly working against the other's welfare.

Also known as: deviousness, scamming, betrayal
Pāli: sāṭheyya
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Wrong livelihood

Wrong livelihood

Sustaining oneself through deceit, exploitation, or manipulation for gain. It includes cheating, flattery, hinting for favors, belittling others, and pursuing gain by means of gain.

Also known as: unwholesome livelihood, wrong way of earning a living
Pāli: micchāājīva
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Wrong speech

Wrong speech

Speech that deceives, divides, wounds, or wastes. It includes lying, slander, harshness, and idle chatter. Such speech distorts truth, breaks trust, and stirs the mind toward harm and discord.

Also known as: false speech, lying, divisive, slanderous or defamatory or malicious speech, abusive or rude or unkind way of speaking, meaningless talk or idle chatter or gossip
Pāli: musāvāda, pisuṇavācā, pharusāvācā, samphappalāpa
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Last updated on December 13, 2025